Description
Sodium benzoate is the sodium salt of benzoic acid, widely used for its antimicrobial and preservative properties. It appears as a white crystalline powder or granule and dissolves readily in water. Due to its ability to inhibit the growth of mold, yeast, and some bacteria, it plays a critical role in extending the shelf life of acidic products.
In food and beverage formulations, sodium benzoate helps stabilize products such as soft drinks, fruit juices, pickles, and sauces. Its functionality also extends to cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and industrial formulations, where it serves as a corrosion inhibitor and pH regulator. This versatile compound is recognized as GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) and complies with global food additive standards under the code E211.
Chemical Properties
Chemical Name: Sodium Benzoate
Synonyms: Benzoic acid sodium salt, E211
Molecular Formula: C₇H₅NaO₂
Molecular Weight: 144.11 g/mol
CAS Number: 532-32-1
EC Number: 208-534-8
Appearance: White crystalline powder or granules
Odor: Odorless or faintly sweet
Solubility: Soluble in water and alcohol
Density: ~1.44 g/cm³
pH (1% solution): 7.0–8.0
Melting Point: ~300°C (decomposes)
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes)
Biodegradability: Readily biodegradable
Regulatory Status: Approved as E211 by FDA, EFSA, and other regulatory bodies
Applications
Food & Beverage: Acidic food preservation (carbonated drinks, juices, pickles)
Cosmetics & Personal Care: Preservative in creams, lotions, and rinse-off products
Pharmaceuticals: Antifungal and preservative agent in syrups and formulations
Industrial Chemicals: Corrosion inhibition in antifreeze and water treatment systems
Laboratory Reagent: Intermediate in organic synthesis
Industries of Use
Food Industry:
Sodium benzoate protects food and beverage products from microbial spoilage. It works best in acidic pH environments (below 4.5), making it ideal for carbonated drinks, vinegar-based sauces, and fruit preparations. It is listed as E211 and complies with international additive regulations.
Cosmetics and Toiletries:
Manufacturers incorporate sodium benzoate into water-based personal care products as a safe, non-irritating preservative. It ensures product longevity and inhibits bacterial growth.
Pharmaceutical Formulations:
Used in oral syrups and suspension medications to prevent microbial contamination. It stabilizes active ingredients in acidic formulations.
Industrial Applications:
In antifreeze, coolants, and metalworking fluids, sodium benzoate acts as a corrosion inhibitor. It protects metal surfaces from oxidation and extends equipment life.
Storage Conditions
Store in sealed containers in a dry, cool, and ventilated area.
Keep away from direct sunlight, strong acids, and moisture.
Avoid contamination by resealing opened packages properly.
Packaging
20 L HDPE drum (aqueous solution)
200 L HDPE barrel (aqueous solution)
Packaging complies with international transport and GHS labeling standards.
Safety & Handling
Avoid inhalation of dust or contact with eyes.
Use gloves and goggles during handling.
Wash hands thoroughly after use.
Dispose of waste according to local environmental regulations.
